6 |
|
- Errata to "Using CVS (part 1)" |
7 |
|
- Setting up CVS on a Public PC (with WinCVS/SSH) |
8 |
|
- Setting up CVS off campus/SSB (with WinCVS/SSH) |
9 |
< |
|
9 |
> |
|
10 |
|
- How CVS handles binary files |
11 |
|
- Tagging the Repository |
12 |
|
- Branching in CVS |
13 |
|
- Keyword Expansion |
14 |
|
- Online CVS Resources |
15 |
< |
|
16 |
< |
- See "Using CVS (part 1)" for basic information on setting |
15 |
> |
|
16 |
> |
- See "Using CVS (part 1)" for basic information on setting |
17 |
|
up and using CVS at UKC. |
18 |
|
|
19 |
|
tdb1, 29/10/00. |
22 |
|
------------------------------ |
23 |
|
Setting up CVS on a Public PC (with WinCVS/SSH) |
24 |
|
----------------------------------------------- |
25 |
< |
Assuming you already have WinCVS working we just need to |
26 |
< |
make a few modifications to get the same thing working with |
27 |
< |
SSH. This will only work on a public PC, although with some |
28 |
< |
careful copying of files you might be able to get it to work |
25 |
> |
Assuming you already have WinCVS working we just need to |
26 |
> |
make a few modifications to get the same thing working with |
27 |
> |
SSH. This will only work on a public PC, although with some |
28 |
> |
careful copying of files you might be able to get it to work |
29 |
|
on a normal SSB machine. |
30 |
|
|
31 |
< |
Firstly we need to get SSH working. As it is SSH does work, |
32 |
< |
but it will keep prompting for a password, which is a pain |
33 |
< |
when it's hidden in a cmd window somewhere. We'll start by |
34 |
< |
tweaking the SSH setup, and then we'll setup a key pair to |
31 |
> |
Firstly we need to get SSH working. As it is SSH does work, |
32 |
> |
but it will keep prompting for a password, which is a pain |
33 |
> |
when it's hidden in a cmd window somewhere. We'll start by |
34 |
> |
tweaking the SSH setup, and then we'll setup a key pair to |
35 |
|
remove the need for a password. |
36 |
|
|
37 |
|
[adapted from instructions given by jc] |
38 |
|
|
39 |
< |
First thing is to setup a few environment variables. This is |
40 |
< |
done in the System part of Control Panel. Under the User |
39 |
> |
First thing is to setup a few environment variables. This is |
40 |
> |
done in the System part of Control Panel. Under the User |
41 |
|
Variables section add the following; |
42 |
|
|
43 |
|
HOME = |
47 |
|
CVSROOT = |
48 |
|
:ext:user@raptor.ukc.ac.uk:/usr/local/proj/co600_10/cvs |
49 |
|
|
50 |
< |
Next we need to go about setting up the key pair. This is |
51 |
< |
done by two batch files called getkey.bat and copy-key.bat |
52 |
< |
which are already on the public PC's. Unfortunately you need |
53 |
< |
to modify getkey.bat to make it work with raptor, so copy it |
54 |
< |
from the C: drive (c:\winnt\system32 I believe) to your |
55 |
< |
desktop (or anywhere else). Edit it so that the third line |
50 |
> |
Next we need to go about setting up the key pair. This is |
51 |
> |
done by two batch files called getkey.bat and copy-key.bat |
52 |
> |
which are already on the public PC's. Unfortunately you need |
53 |
> |
to modify getkey.bat to make it work with raptor, so copy it |
54 |
> |
from the C: drive (c:\winnt\system32 I believe) to your |
55 |
> |
desktop (or anywhere else). Edit it so that the third line |
56 |
|
reads; |
57 |
|
|
58 |
|
set HOST=raptor |
59 |
|
|
60 |
< |
Then run it. You'll be prompted for your raptor password |
61 |
< |
three times, and then the key is setup. Next you need to run |
62 |
< |
copy-key.bat. Just go to "Start -> Run -> copy-key raptor" |
60 |
> |
Then run it. You'll be prompted for your raptor password |
61 |
> |
three times, and then the key is setup. Next you need to run |
62 |
> |
copy-key.bat. Just go to "Start -> Run -> copy-key raptor" |
63 |
|
to make it do it's stuff. |
64 |
|
|
65 |
< |
Now, we're pretty much all set. You should be able to type |
66 |
< |
"ssh -l <user> raptor" into a command window and log |
67 |
< |
straight in without the need for a password. If not, |
65 |
> |
Now, we're pretty much all set. You should be able to type |
66 |
> |
"ssh -l <user> raptor" into a command window and log |
67 |
> |
straight in without the need for a password. If not, |
68 |
|
something has gone wrong ! |
69 |
|
|
70 |
< |
Finally, a quick alteration to WinCVS and we're done. In the |
70 |
> |
Finally, a quick alteration to WinCVS and we're done. In the |
71 |
|
preferences set the CVS Root to be; |
72 |
|
|
73 |
|
:ext:user@raptor.ukc.ac.uk:/usr/local/proj/co600_10/cvs |
74 |
|
|
75 |
< |
Then set the Authentication type to "SSH server". Assuming |
76 |
< |
you've already done the rest of the setup from the last |
77 |
< |
document you should be able to do a checkout as normal, but |
78 |
< |
this time without the need for a mapped drive - which is a |
75 |
> |
Then set the Authentication type to "SSH server". Assuming |
76 |
> |
you've already done the rest of the setup from the last |
77 |
> |
document you should be able to do a checkout as normal, but |
78 |
> |
this time without the need for a mapped drive - which is a |
79 |
|
much neater way of doing things. |
80 |
|
|
81 |
|
Setting up CVS off campus/SSB (with WinCVS/SSH) |
82 |
|
----------------------------------------------- |
83 |
< |
To do this you'll need two packages. Firstly, and most |
84 |
< |
obviously WinCVS. The latest version of WinCVS (1.1b16) can |
85 |
< |
be downloaded from the "WinCvs 1.1 *BETA* / Client + Local / |
83 |
> |
To do this you'll need two packages. Firstly, and most |
84 |
> |
obviously WinCVS. The latest version of WinCVS (1.1b16) can |
85 |
> |
be downloaded from the "WinCvs 1.1 *BETA* / Client + Local / |
86 |
|
Binaries" on the following page; |
87 |
|
|
88 |
|
http://www.wincvs.org/download.html |
89 |
|
|
90 |
< |
Secondly you'll require SSH. I'm not sure where this package |
90 |
> |
Secondly you'll require SSH. I'm not sure where this package |
91 |
|
orginated, but there is a current version on raptor at; |
92 |
|
|
93 |
|
/usr/local/proj/co600_10/sshwin32/ssh-1.2.14-win32bin.zip |
94 |
|
|
95 |
< |
Armed with those two files you're ready to go. To get |
96 |
< |
started we need to get ssh installed, and a key setup with |
95 |
> |
Armed with those two files you're ready to go. To get |
96 |
> |
started we need to get ssh installed, and a key setup with |
97 |
|
raptor. |
98 |
|
|
99 |
< |
Installing ssh is easy. Simply extract the contents of the |
100 |
< |
zip file in to your windows\system32 directory (on |
101 |
< |
winnt/win2k - windows\system on win9x). This will put the |
99 |
> |
Installing ssh is easy. Simply extract the contents of the |
100 |
> |
zip file in to your windows\system32 directory (on |
101 |
> |
winnt/win2k - windows\system on win9x). This will put the |
102 |
|
DLL's in place and the binary ssh files. |
103 |
|
|
104 |
< |
Next, setting up a key. This requires a few straightforward |
104 |
> |
Next, setting up a key. This requires a few straightforward |
105 |
|
steps. |
106 |
|
|
107 |
|
- setup a directory (on your machine) to be considered your |
108 |
< |
"home folder" and then ensure that the environment |
109 |
< |
variable HOME is pointed at this directory. Then make a |
108 |
> |
"home folder" and then ensure that the environment |
109 |
> |
variable HOME is pointed at this directory. Then make a |
110 |
|
directory called .ssh within this. |
111 |
|
|
112 |
|
- telnet into raptor and run this command; |
113 |
|
ssh-keygen -f ssh-newkey -q -P '' -C '<user> on NT' |
114 |
< |
|
115 |
< |
make sure you change <user> for your userid, and that you |
116 |
< |
notice the difference between the single quote ' and the |
117 |
< |
double quotes ". |
114 |
> |
|
115 |
> |
make sure you change <user> for your userid, and that you |
116 |
> |
notice that there are *only* single quotes like this ' . |
117 |
|
|
118 |
< |
- using ftp (or by any other means) copy the files named |
119 |
< |
ssh-newkey and ssh-newkey.pub to the .ssh folder you made |
120 |
< |
on your machine. Now rename them to identity and |
118 |
> |
- using ftp (or by any other means) copy the files named |
119 |
> |
ssh-newkey and ssh-newkey.pub to the .ssh folder you made |
120 |
> |
on your machine. Now rename them to identity and |
121 |
|
identity.pub respectively. |
122 |
|
|
123 |
< |
- Finally we need to get the contents of the identity.pub |
124 |
< |
file above into the file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on |
125 |
< |
raptor. The easiest way to do this is to type the |
123 |
> |
- Finally we need to get the contents of the identity.pub |
124 |
> |
file above into the file ~/.ssh/authorized_keys on |
125 |
> |
raptor. The easiest way to do this is to type the |
126 |
|
following; |
127 |
|
cat ssh-newkey.pub >> .ssh/authorized_keys |
128 |
< |
|
129 |
< |
This assumes you didn't delete the ssh-newkey files, and |
130 |
< |
that you are in your home folder. Finally, you can delete |
128 |
> |
|
129 |
> |
This assumes you didn't delete the ssh-newkey files, and |
130 |
> |
that you are in your home folder. Finally, you can delete |
131 |
|
the ssh-newkey and ssh-newkey.pub files from raptor. |
132 |
|
|
133 |
< |
Now, to test this setup you should try the following from a |
133 |
> |
Now, to test this setup you should try the following from a |
134 |
|
command prompt (on your machine, not raptor); |
135 |
|
|
136 |
|
ssh -l <userid> raptor.ukc.ac.uk |
137 |
|
|
138 |
< |
If everything has completed successfully you should now be |
139 |
< |
looking at a raptor prompt. If not... then work out why not! |
138 |
> |
If everything has completed successfully you should now be |
139 |
> |
looking at a raptor prompt. You should NOT have been asked |
140 |
> |
for a password ! If it went wrong... work out why! |
141 |
|
|
142 |
< |
Right, now on to WinCVS. This is now a doddle. In the |
142 |
> |
Right, now on to WinCVS. This is now a doddle. In the |
143 |
|
preferences set the CVSROOT to; |
144 |
|
|
145 |
|
:ext:<user>@raptor.ukc.ac.uk:/usr/local/proj/co600_10/cvs |
146 |
|
|
147 |
< |
Set Authentication to SSH server, and set the RSA identity |
148 |
< |
to your identity file (not the .pub one). On the ports tab |
149 |
< |
check the "alternate rsh name" box at the bottom, and make |
150 |
< |
sure "ssh" is in the text box. You might also like to |
151 |
< |
uncheck "checkout read-only" and "prune empty directories" |
147 |
> |
Set Authentication to SSH server, and set the RSA identity |
148 |
> |
to your identity file (not the .pub one). On the ports tab |
149 |
> |
check the "alternate rsh name" box at the bottom, and make |
150 |
> |
sure "ssh" is in the text box. You might also like to |
151 |
> |
uncheck "checkout read-only" and "prune empty directories" |
152 |
|
on the globals tab. |
153 |
|
|
154 |
< |
Finally set the browser directory to a suitable location and |
155 |
< |
try checking something out. If all has worked an SSH window |
156 |
< |
should pop up at the bottom of the screen and the files |
154 |
> |
Finally set the browser directory to a suitable location and |
155 |
> |
try checking something out. If all has worked an SSH window |
156 |
> |
should pop up at the bottom of the screen and the files |
157 |
|
should appear. |
158 |
|
|
159 |
< |
As a final note, turning TCP/IP compression on may make it |
159 |
> |
As a final note, turning TCP/IP compression on may make it |
160 |
|
quicker over a modem. |
161 |
|
|
162 |
|
How CVS handles binary files |
163 |
|
---------------------------- |
164 |
< |
Basically CVS can't do version management of binary files, |
165 |
< |
and quite obviously this is because it's not possible to |
166 |
< |
make version comparisons between two revisions in a logical |
167 |
< |
way. But, CVS will let you store binary files and will let |
168 |
< |
you add new versions. However, it will not store "changes" |
164 |
> |
Basically CVS can't do version management of binary files, |
165 |
> |
and quite obviously this is because it's not possible to |
166 |
> |
make version comparisons between two revisions in a logical |
167 |
> |
way. But, CVS will let you store binary files and will let |
168 |
> |
you add new versions. However, it will not store "changes" |
169 |
|
between them, or allow you to view diffs between them. |
170 |
|
|
171 |
< |
IMPORTANT: You must make sure you tell CVS that a file is |
172 |
< |
binary, otherwise it will not store it correctly |
171 |
> |
IMPORTANT: You must make sure you tell CVS that a file is |
172 |
> |
binary, otherwise it will not store it correctly |
173 |
|
and the file will be corrupted. |
174 |
|
|
175 |
< |
In WinCVS it's really easy to add a binary file, simply |
176 |
< |
select "Add selection binary" instead of the usual "Add |
177 |
< |
selection". WinCVS will display a "binary" icon instead, and |
178 |
< |
add "-kb" into the Option column. This -kb tells the CVS |
175 |
> |
In WinCVS it's really easy to add a binary file, simply |
176 |
> |
select "Add selection binary" instead of the usual "Add |
177 |
> |
selection". WinCVS will display a "binary" icon instead, and |
178 |
> |
add "-kb" into the Option column. This -kb tells the CVS |
179 |
|
command that the file is binary. |
180 |
|
|
181 |
< |
This leads nicely into how to do it from the command line. |
182 |
< |
You simply type the following in place of the usual "cvs |
181 |
> |
This leads nicely into how to do it from the command line. |
182 |
> |
You simply type the following in place of the usual "cvs |
183 |
|
add" command. |
184 |
|
|
185 |
|
cvs add -kb <filename> |
186 |
|
|
187 |
< |
Again, the -kb is present. Now, a quick explanation of what |
188 |
< |
this "-kb" means. Basically it is telling CVS not to do |
189 |
< |
keyword expansion (turning $Revision$ into $Revision$) |
190 |
< |
and tell is not to attempt to convert between unix/windows |
187 |
> |
Again, the -kb is present. Now, a quick explanation of what |
188 |
> |
this "-kb" means. Basically it is telling CVS not to do |
189 |
> |
keyword expansion (turning $Revision$ into $Revision$) |
190 |
> |
and tell is not to attempt to convert between unix/windows |
191 |
|
text formats. |
192 |
|
|
193 |
|
Tagging the Repository |
194 |
|
---------------------- |
195 |
< |
Tagging the repository is a way of "marking" all the files |
196 |
< |
at a particular point in time. For example, when "release 1" |
197 |
< |
is finished you might want to mark this in the history of |
198 |
< |
all the files, so you can easily come back to it in the |
199 |
< |
future. As every file the makes up "release 1" may be on a |
200 |
< |
different individual revision, it would be tedious to do |
195 |
> |
Tagging the repository is a way of "marking" all the files |
196 |
> |
at a particular point in time. For example, when "release 1" |
197 |
> |
is finished you might want to mark this in the history of |
198 |
> |
all the files, so you can easily come back to it in the |
199 |
> |
future. As every file the makes up "release 1" may be on a |
200 |
> |
different individual revision, it would be tedious to do |
201 |
|
without the aid of tagging. |
202 |
|
|
203 |
< |
This is the best example I've seen that clearly shows how a |
204 |
< |
tag is implemented. Imagine the dotted line signfies the |
205 |
< |
point at which you declared the files were "release 1". As |
206 |
< |
you can see, work as continued on the files, but you could |
203 |
> |
This is the best example I've seen that clearly shows how a |
204 |
> |
tag is implemented. Imagine the dotted line signfies the |
205 |
> |
point at which you declared the files were "release 1". As |
206 |
> |
you can see, work as continued on the files, but you could |
207 |
|
easily pull out each file at "release 1". |
208 |
|
|
209 |
|
File A File B File C File D File E |
226 |
|
\ 1.16 / |
227 |
|
`-1.17-' |
228 |
|
|
229 |
< |
In fact, if you imagine pulling this line straight, you'd |
230 |
< |
get the following effect which even more clearly shows where |
229 |
> |
In fact, if you imagine pulling this line straight, you'd |
230 |
> |
get the following effect which even more clearly shows where |
231 |
|
"release 1" is. |
232 |
|
|
233 |
|
File A File B File C File D File E |
252 |
|
1.3 1.11 1.5 1.17 1.9 |
253 |
|
1.6 1.17 1.10 |
254 |
|
|
255 |
< |
Tagging is actually remarkably easy to do. All you do is |
256 |
< |
issue a single command to tag the files at the current point |
257 |
< |
in time. You should make sure all development stops whilst |
258 |
< |
you do it, otherwise a bit of new code could sneak in. |
255 |
> |
Tagging is actually remarkably easy to do. All you do is |
256 |
> |
issue a single command to tag the files at the current point |
257 |
> |
in time. You should make sure all development stops whilst |
258 |
> |
you do it, otherwise a bit of new code could sneak in. |
259 |
|
Here's how to do it; |
260 |
|
|
261 |
|
cvs tag public-release_1 |
262 |
|
|
263 |
< |
This would mark the files with the tag "public-release_1". |
264 |
< |
You can then continue with developement, knowing that all |
265 |
< |
those files can easily be retrieved. It's again suprisingly |
266 |
< |
easy to do. Instead of typing "cvs checkout source" you |
263 |
> |
This would mark the files with the tag "public-release_1". |
264 |
> |
You can then continue with developement, knowing that all |
265 |
> |
those files can easily be retrieved. It's again suprisingly |
266 |
> |
easy to do. Instead of typing "cvs checkout source" you |
267 |
|
would type; |
268 |
|
|
269 |
|
cvs checkout -r public-release_1 source |
270 |
|
|
271 |
< |
Which would checkout the source module at the point which |
272 |
< |
you tagged. Alternatively the following would update (or |
271 |
> |
Which would checkout the source module at the point which |
272 |
> |
you tagged. Alternatively the following would update (or |
273 |
|
downdate ?) your working copy to the tagged point; |
274 |
|
|
275 |
|
cvs update -r public-release_1 |
276 |
|
|
277 |
< |
Finally, a quick mention of why this would be useful. |
278 |
< |
Imagine the development team was split into two groups, one |
279 |
< |
working on coding, another working on testing. When the |
280 |
< |
coding group have finished "release 1" they can tag it and |
281 |
< |
carry on developing for "release 2". At the same time, the |
282 |
< |
testing team can checkout "release 1" and test it, reporting |
283 |
< |
bugs back to the coding team for fixing in "release 2". It |
284 |
< |
could also mean the a customer could still get hold of the |
277 |
> |
Finally, a quick mention of why this would be useful. |
278 |
> |
Imagine the development team was split into two groups, one |
279 |
> |
working on coding, another working on testing. When the |
280 |
> |
coding group have finished "release 1" they can tag it and |
281 |
> |
carry on developing for "release 2". At the same time, the |
282 |
> |
testing team can checkout "release 1" and test it, reporting |
283 |
> |
bugs back to the coding team for fixing in "release 2". It |
284 |
> |
could also mean the a customer could still get hold of the |
285 |
|
first release whilst you're busy coding for the second. |
286 |
|
|
287 |
|
Branching in CVS |
288 |
|
---------------- |
289 |
< |
So far I've only talked about a single CVS branch, the |
290 |
< |
trunk. There is only ever one "current" revision of each |
291 |
< |
file, and everyone is working on the same files. However, it |
292 |
< |
is possible to branch this out into more than one copy of |
293 |
< |
the same files. A good example of why this is useful is |
289 |
> |
So far I've only talked about a single CVS branch, the |
290 |
> |
trunk. There is only ever one "current" revision of each |
291 |
> |
file, and everyone is working on the same files. However, it |
292 |
> |
is possible to branch this out into more than one copy of |
293 |
> |
the same files. A good example of why this is useful is |
294 |
|
continuing the idea at the end of the last section. |
295 |
|
|
296 |
< |
Imagine the coding team are now busy working on "release 2" |
297 |
< |
and the testing team come up with a major flaw in |
298 |
< |
the older "release 1". Customers have already got this |
299 |
< |
version installed, so it needs fixing straight away. The |
300 |
< |
trick is to make a branch at the point where "release 1" was |
301 |
< |
tagged, and then fix the bugs on this branch. This branch |
302 |
< |
need not carry on, it could just have the few bugs fixed, |
303 |
< |
whilst the main branch (the trunk) has development of |
296 |
> |
Imagine the coding team are now busy working on "release 2" |
297 |
> |
and the testing team come up with a major flaw in |
298 |
> |
the older "release 1". Customers have already got this |
299 |
> |
version installed, so it needs fixing straight away. The |
300 |
> |
trick is to make a branch at the point where "release 1" was |
301 |
> |
tagged, and then fix the bugs on this branch. This branch |
302 |
> |
need not carry on, it could just have the few bugs fixed, |
303 |
> |
whilst the main branch (the trunk) has development of |
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"release 2" carrying on. This diagram shows this; |
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|
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| |
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| |
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| -- tag "release_2" |
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|
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As you can see the customer could then get a copy of |
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"release_1-fixed" and not worry about the unstable code in |
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As you can see the customer could then get a copy of |
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> |
"release_1-fixed" and not worry about the unstable code in |
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"release_2". |
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|
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Branches can get much more complicated than this, but it's |
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beyond the scope of our requirements. Further info can be |
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Branches can get much more complicated than this, but it's |
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beyond the scope of our requirements. Further info can be |
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found on the web. |
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|
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Keyword Expansion |
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----------------- |
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CVS allows you to put certain keywords into a file which CVS |
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will expand when you check files in and out of the |
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repository. There are quite a few, and they're all pretty |
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> |
CVS allows you to put certain keywords into a file which CVS |
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> |
will expand when you check files in and out of the |
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> |
repository. There are quite a few, and they're all pretty |
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useful in places. Here's a quick summary; |
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|
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$Author$ |
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$Id$ |
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|
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$Log$ |
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Revision 1.4 2000/11/16 20:18:17 tdb |
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A few more updates, after Paul tested my instructions out :-) |
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> |
Revision 1.5 2000/11/26 18:22:52 tdb |
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Explained a few things better. |
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|
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Puts the latest log message in. |
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|
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State of the file (?). |
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eg. $State$ |
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|
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The keywords are automatically replaced by CVS, even if it's |
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The keywords are automatically replaced by CVS, even if it's |
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|
already been expanded. You just put it in and leave it be! |
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|
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Online CVS Resources |
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|
-------------------- |
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< |
That about concludes my guide on the basics of CVS for the |
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< |
development work in the project. However, further resources |
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< |
can be found on the following webpage. I've learnt an awful |
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< |
lot from this "online book", and I'd recommend it to anyone |
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> |
That about concludes my guide on the basics of CVS for the |
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> |
development work in the project. However, further resources |
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> |
can be found on the following webpage. I've learnt an awful |
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> |
lot from this "online book", and I'd recommend it to anyone |
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|
wanting to get to grips with CVS. |
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|
|
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http://cvsbook.red-bean.com |
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|
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About |
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|
----- |
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< |
This document was written by Tim Bishop [tdb1@ukc.ac.uk] for |
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< |
use by the team working on a 3rd year Computer Science |
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< |
project called "i-scream". More details can be found on the |
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> |
This document was written by Tim Bishop [tdb1@ukc.ac.uk] for |
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> |
use by the team working on a 3rd year Computer Science |
401 |
> |
project called "i-scream". More details can be found on the |
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|
project website; |
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|
|
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|
http://www.i-scream.org.uk |